Study Chemistry notes on Equilibria for Secondary. Useful for revision, homework, and exam preparation in Zimbabwe.
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Equilibria
This topic illustrates that many chemical reactions are reversible and involve an equilibrium process. The consideration of the many factors that can affect an equilibrium is an important aspect of physical chemistry.
a explain, in terms of rates of the forward and reverse reactions, what is □ meant by a reversible reaction and dynamic equilibrium
b state Le Chatelier's principle and apply it to deduce qualitatively (from appropriate □ information) the effects of changes in temperature, concentration or pressure on a system at equilibrium
c state whether changes in temperature, concentration or pressure or the presence of a □ catalyst affect the value of the equilibrium constant for a reaction
d deduce expressions for equilibrium constants in terms of concentrations, $\mathrm{K}_{\mathrm{c}}$, and □ partial pressures, $\mathrm{K}_{\mathrm{p}}$ (treatment of the relationship between $\mathrm{K}_{\mathrm{p}}$ and $\mathrm{K}_{\mathrm{c}}$ is not required)
e calculate the values of equilibrium constants in terms of concentrations or partial □ pressures from appropriate data
f calculate the quantities present at equilibrium, given appropriate data (such
□ calculations will not require the solving of quadratic equations)
g describe and explain the conditions used in the Haber process and the Contact
□ process, as examples of the importance of an understanding of chemical equilibrium in the chemical industry
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