Study Geography notes on Weather and Climate Studies for O-Level. Useful for revision, homework, and exam preparation in Zimbabwe.
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This is the ZIMSEC O-Level Geography notes. It is a free notes for revision.
WEATHER AND CLIMATE STUDIES Weather - Weather is the state of the atmosphere at a particular place and time as regards heat, cloudiness, dryness sunshine, wind and rain. Climate The weather conditions prevailing in an area over a long period or long term weather pattern of a given area. It is measured by assessing patterns of variations in rainfall, temperature, humidity, etc. Differences between weather and climate Weather | Climate Day to day temperature and rainfall activity | Describes average conditions expected at a specific place at a given time Measured for short term e.g. day to day basis | Measured over a long period e.g. 30 yrs. The study of weather is called meteorology | The study of climate is called climatology Weather report Is a systematic statement of the existing and predicted meteorological conditions over a particular area e.g. Kutsaga. Weather Focast - Is a prediction of weather phenomena, trend and events. - Is made through data collection on temperature, rainfall and humidity and use of complicated modelling and simulations to predict future weather. Weather elements and instruments - Temperature - six's thermometer or max and min thermometer ( Degrees Celsius). - Humidity-hygrometer/ psychrometer/ satellites. - Pressure - barometer and expressed in millibars. - Wind direction - wind vane using the cardinal points of a campus. - Wind speed - cup anemometer in knots. - Sunshine - sunshine recorder in hours and minutes. - Cloud cover - using eyes and measured in oktas. Importance of weather - People can be aware of weather hazards such as cyclones hence take precautions against. - People will know the type of clothes to wear e.g. rain coats. - Decision making on farming time and crop type. - For aviation on taking off and landing time. - Sporting calendars as some games can be affected by bad weather. pdhliwayo2016@gmail.com 10 | P a g e