Study Geography notes on Map Work for O-Level. Useful for revision, homework, and exam preparation in Zimbabwe.
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This is the O-Level Geography notes. It is a free notes for revision.
TOPIC 10: MAP WORK BASIC TECHNIQUES AND SKILLS A map Is a diagrammatic representation of something e.g. the earth, stars or buildings e.t.c. Uses of maps - To locate places. - To determine where you are going. - To show distribution of features and type of materials. Conventional sign - Is a standard sign used on a map to indicate a particular feature. The conventional sign may be a letter of the alphabet or it may be a symbol. Three Types of Symbols - Point symbols - buildings, dipping tanks, trigonometrical stations. - Line symbols - railways, roads, power lines, telephone lines. - Area symbols - cultivation, orchards and vineyards, pans. Six Colour Groups 1. Brown: land or earth features - contours, eroded areas, prominent rock outcrops, sand areas and dunes, secondary or gravel roads 2. Blue: water features - aqueducts, canals, furrows and siphons, coastlines, dams, lakes, marshes, swamps and vleis, pans, rivers, water-towers 3. Green: vegetation features - cultivated fields, golf courses, nature and game reserve boundaries, state forest boundaries, orchards and vineyards, recreation grounds, woodland 4. Black: construction features - roads, tracks, railways, buildings, bridges, cemeteries, communication towers, dam walls, excavations and mine dumps, telephone lines, power lines, wind pumps, wrecks, ruins, trigonometrical stations, boundaries 5. Grey: construction features - built-up areas, cadastral information. 6. Red: construction features - national, airdrome and main roads, lighthouses and marine lights; pink also shows international boundaries Five Elements - Relief - contours, spot heights, trigonometrical stations. - Water - lakes, rivers, waterholes, reservoirs. - Vegetation - cultivation, orchards and vineyards, forests, plantations, woodland. - Man-made - communication lines, settlements. - Political - boundaries Scale - A scale is the ratio of a distance between two points on a map and the actual distance of the same two points on the ground. $1 \|$ Page